not abilities that are activated by modules, but rather inherent bonuses to the affect of modules.

well there are some things like

spec-op ships can only get there bonus with a stealth field

but in theory ANY ship can use the stealth field so long as they have enough cpu and power grid to fit it

there is ~ the T3 ships who can be built to get different bonuses based on the things you put in it

but at the end of the day what Thrawn01 said is true

if i want a laser drake by god ill have a laser drake

Black ops, covert ops ships are main ones who's primary roles are governed by a module. only a cov ops ship can fit a covert ops cloak that allows you to warp while cloacked and only teh black ops ships can fit the jump portals as far as i remmeber, but its been a good few months i've been on eve properly and not just skilling up

Or any suit can equip a cloak, but only Scouts can sprint while cloaked, and Scout suits get massive CPU/PG cost reductions for equipping a cloak module.

If, for example, a cloak module would normally require 50CPU and 100 PG, that would make it difficult to fit on most suits. But with the Scout's bonus, it might only cost 25 CPU and 10PG or something else that makes it significantly easier to fit because the suit is designed for that tech.

It's important to note that the above figures are totally made up on the spot by me right now, and probably won't reflect that actually PG/CPU costs of the module, but you can probably see what I'm getting at here.

scout suits have built in sensor obsurfication.

IE Sensor cloaking

As for types of cloaking I would rather much have sensor stelath over visual sealth.